Constitutional Benches of the Supreme Court are constituted
to decide substantial questions relating to the interpretation
of the Constitution of India under Article 145(3).
These benches shape constitutional jurisprudence and
define the contours of fundamental rights, federalism
and separation of powers.
Article 145(3)
Matters involving substantial questions of constitutional
interpretation must be heard by a bench of at least five judges.
Reference to Larger Bench
Conflicting judgments or issues of public importance
are referred to larger benches for authoritative resolution.
Judicial Review
Review of constitutional validity of statutes,
executive actions and constitutional amendments.
Federal & Institutional Disputes
Centre-State disputes, legislative competence
and constitutional authority questions.
Constitutional Importance
Decisions of Constitutional Benches have binding effect
across all courts in India and define the trajectory of
constitutional law. Advocacy before such benches
requires deep constitutional insight, precision
and long-term jurisprudential strategy.